Firearm.



C. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

v PEB.23,1911. 1,029,037, Patented June 11, 1912.

5 SHEBTSSHEET 1". I

G. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 313.23, 1911.

1,029,087, 7 Patented June 11, 1912.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

4 Mum G. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED rsnzs, 1911.

Patented June 11, 1912.

5 8HEETSSHEBT 4.

' G. A. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 211.23, 1911.

Patented June 11,1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

era

AFT @FFFQE.

FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1912.

Application filed February 23, 1911. Serial No. 610,215.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States,residing near Enon, in the county of Clarkand State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to fire arms and particularly to repeating ormagazine guns.

The invention relates especially to improvements in the class ofmagazine guns in which the breech block is arranged to movelongitudinally rearward and forward in opening and closing the breech,and in which the carrier is located below the breech block and adaptedto swing in a vertical plane to receive the cartridge from the magazineand present it forward of the breech block, in such position that thefor ward movement of the block will force the cartridge from the carrierinto the barrel, the parts being actuated by the reciprocatory movementof a fore arm grip or handle located forward of the frame of the gun,and reciprocated in a line substantially parallel with the axis of thebarrel.

The object of the invention is to simplify the structure as well as themeans and mode of operation of such devices, whereby they will not onlybe cheapened in construction, but will be rendered more efiicient andsafe in operation, more positive in action, and unlikely to get out ofrepair.

A further object is to provide an improved form of lock action and meansfor cooking or setting the action directly by the operation of thereciprocating grip, and to provide a safety lock adapted to arrest thefall of the hammer if the sear fails to engage the hammer, or isaccidentally disengaged therefrom before the parts are in firingpositions.

A further object is to provide an additional safety lock adapted toprevent the opening of the arm after the hammer has been cooked and theparts in condition for firing until after the falling of the hammer,thereby preventing the user from prematurely opening the gun by exertingan un timely rearward draft upon the sliding handle and to provide amanually operated device whereby said safety lock may be renderedinoperative at will.

A further object is to provide a safety lock for the trigger so locatedas to be convenient to the hand of the operator when grasping the stockof the arm in the natural position of use.

l/Vith the'above primary and other 'indi dental objects in view as willmore fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of thefeatures of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and themode of operation or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and setforth in the claims.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are side elevations of portions of theassembled gun in closed condition, showing the right and left sides ofthe arm respectively. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional viewthrough the housing, showing the exterior of the breech block andcarrier and the operative parts. Fig. 4. is a similar view, the sectionbeing taken through the breech block, the carrier, the barrel and themagazine. Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of the carrier removedfrom the housing. Fig. 7 is a side elevation, partly in section of thecarrier, showing the lug of the action bar as it approaches the innerlimit of its stroke resetting or cooking the hammer. Fig. 8 is a similarview showing the action bar lug at the beginning of its return stroke.Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the carrier with the action bar lockingdevice and cartridge guide removed. Figs. 10 and 11 are similar viewsshowing two forms of sear springs and hammer connections. Fig. 12 is aperspective view of the action bar locking member and cartridge guideremoved from the carrier. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the plungerand head or hammer of the lock action. Fig. 14c is a similar view of amodification of the hammer. Fig. 15 is alongitudinal sectional View of aportion of the housing with the carrier removed. Fig. 16 is a view ofthe forward end of the housing with breech block and carrier in closedpositions. Fig. 17 is a transverse sectional view through the housingand carrier. Fig. 18 is a detail perspective view of the rear portion ofthe housing, showing the carrier abutment. Fig. 19 is a perspective viewof the pivotal stud of the carrier. Fig. 20 is a bottom plan View of thebreech block. Fig. 21 is a detail View of the swinging dog and itscontrol spring. Fig. 22 is a side elevation of the carrier partly brokenaway to disclose the action of the sear in maintaining the action barstop in operative position. Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the carriershowing the under side thereof.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughoutthe several views.

In the drawings 1 is the stock, and 2 is the barrel immediately belowwhich and extending parallel therewith is the magazine 3. The magazineis provided with the usual spring (not shown) operating to move thecartridges within the magazine rearward as each successive cartridge isreleased by the detents hereinaftermentioned. The barrel 2 and magazine3 open at their rear ends into a housing t connecting said parts withthe stock 1. The housing 4: is sometimes known as the receiver. Thehousing a is an integral member open on its under side through which themagazine is filled, and having an opening 5 in the side thereof throughwhich the exploded shell is ejected, or the cartridge if it be notexploded. \Vithin the housing 1 is located a recipro cating breech block6 sliding in suitable ways in the housing, and immediately below thebreech block is a swinging carrier 7 oscillating in a vertical plane.The opening 5 is normally closed by suitable closure devices cooperatingwith the breech block and carrier.

The breech block 6 is shouldered or offset, and is provided with areciprocating firing pin 8 adapted to engage and explode the cartridgewhen propelled forward by the action of the hammer or lock mechanism tobe described. The forward end of the carrier is formed with a shoulderor offset corresponding with that of the breech block with which itregisters when in closed po sition and forms an abutment to resisttherecoil of the breech block. The actuating means for the breech block andcarrier consists of a reciprocating fore arm grip 9 slidingly mounted onthe magazine, from which projects a rearward extending action bar 10.The action bar 10 projects through an opening 11 in the front of thehousing, and at its extremity is provided with a nose 12 which engageswith a hook shaped pivoted dog 13 attached to the breech block 6,whereby the breech block 6 is reciprocated in unison with the action bar10.

Adjacent to the nose 12 of the action bar there is located a lug 14:which engages and moves in a peculiarly shaped cam groove 15 in the sideof the carrier 7, as the action bar is reciprocated, and thereby causesa swinging movement of the carrier in proper time with the movement ofthe other operating parts. The aforementioned method of actuating thebreech block and carrier forms no part of the present invent-ion, but isshown and described in my prior Patents No. 954,663 and No. 955,490.

The firing mechanism or look action is contained within the swingingcarrier. The rear portion of the carrier is recessed as at 16. Locatedwithin the recess and reciprocating therein in inclined grooves or ways17 is a head or hammer 1S. Extending upwardly and forwardly from therecess 16 is a bore 19 in which is located a reciprocating plunger 20connected at one end to the head or hammer 1S and provided with aplunger head 21 at the opposite extremity adapted to engage the firingpin 8 of the breech block when the block and carrier are in their closedposition. A helical actuating spring is provided about the shaft of theplunger 20 hearing at one 'end on the plunger head 21 and at theopposite end on the rear wall of the bore 19. The spring 22 tends topropel the plunger and hammer 18 forward, causing the head 21, of theplunger 20 to engage the firing pin 8, driving it forward to explode thecartridge. The hammer 18 is provided with a lateral projecting lug 23extending through a slot 2% in the bottom of the cam groove 15 of thecarrier. The hammer lug 23 projects into the path of the lug lat of theact-ion bar 10 and is adapted to be engaged thereby as the action bar ismoved rearward, thereby moving the hammer rearward into its set orcocked position against the tension of the spring 22. The resetting orcocking of the hammer is thus accomplished directly by the operation ofthe action bar 10. The hammer and plunger are retained in their rearwardor set positions by a hook shaped sear 25, which engages with theshoulder 26 of the hammer 18, the sear being held in engagement with thehammer by the usual sear spring 27.

At its rear extremity the cam groove 15 in the carrier merges into arecess 28, which permits the carrier to drop when the lug 1a of theaction bar has passed from the cam groove into said recess. At thejuncture of the cam groove 15 and recess 28 there is pivoted a swingingdog 29 spring pressed into its rearward position, as shown in Figs. 3, 5and 7. The swinging dog 29 is secured on the extremity of a transverseshaft 30 mounted in the carrier. A port-ion of the; shaft 30 isflattened and such flat portion is engaged by a spring 31 as shown inFigs. at" and 21, which tends to retain the swinging dog 29 in itsrearmost position or to return it thereto when moved forward ashereafter described. The swinging dog 29 is provided with two angularlyarranged faces, the lowermost face coinciding with the wall of the camgroove 15 when the dog'is in its rearward or normal position, therebyforming a continuation of said cam groove. The second face coincideswith the wall of the recess 28 when the dog has been oscillated to itsforward position as shown in Fig. 8..

It will be noted that the slot 24 through which projects the lateral lugof the hammer head 18, is slightly inclined in relation to the camgroove 15 and the path of travel of the lug 14. Thus as the hammer headis forced rearward by the engagement of the action bar lug 14 with thelateral lug 23 of the hammer head, the lateral lug during its rearwardmovement is carried slightly downward below the plane of travel of theaction bar lug 14. This down ward movement of the lug 23 simultaneouswith its rearward movement tends to release the action bar lug 14 fromthe hammer head lug 23 to permit the action bar lug 14 to enter therecess 28 of the cam groove.

The object of the swinging dog 29 is to compel a sufficient rearwardmovement of the hammer head before the action bar lug 14 is releasedtherefrom to insure the engagement of the sear 25 therewith. If theaction bar lug should disengage the hammerhead exactly at the point inits path of travel where the sear 25 should engage the hammer head,great accuracy of manufacture and adjustment would be required, and thepresence of a bit of dirt or foreign matter upon the sear or theshoulder 26 of the hammer, or the slight wear of said parts mightprevent the retention of the hammer in its set or cooked position. Toinsure the engagement of the hammer head and sear an overthrow of thehammer head or movement beyond the point of engagement of the sear andhammer head is compelled by the use ofthe swinging dog 29. Suchoverthrow movement is indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 7.

In Fig. 7 the parts are shown in positions where the action bar lug 14has forced the hammer head rearward until the sear 25 has engaged theshoulder 26 of the hammer head but on account of its engagement with theswinging dog which forms a continuation of the upper wall of the camgroove 15, the action bar lug 14 can notleave the cam groove 15 andenter the recess 28 until it has made an additional rearward movement asindicated in dotted lines thus clearing the swinging dog 29 and givingto the hammer head the overthrow movement before mentioned. As theaction bar moves the said additional step the breech block which hasmoved rearward with the action bar engages the inclined face 32 of thecarrier causing the carrier to drop, disengaging the action bar lug fromthe lug 23 of the hammer head, and causing the action bar lug 14 toenter the recess 28. Upon its disengagementfrom the action bar lug 14,the hammer head advances the dis tance of the overthrow movement intoengagement with the sear. This return movement of the hammer head wouldlook the action bar lug 14 in the recess 28 if the swinging dog 29 wasnot movable, since the space between the hammer head lug 23 and theswinging dog 29 is not sufficient to permit the passage of the actionbar lug when said parts are in normal position. The forward side of therecess 28 is inclined and forms a cam face which is engaged by theaction bar lug 14 on its return or forward movement to elevate thecarrier from its lowermost position. As the action bar lug engages theswinging dog on its movement from the recess 28, the swinging dog yieldsas shown in Fig. 8 until the rear face coincides with the inclined wallof the recess, thus permitting the lug 14 to pass from the recess, afterwhich the spring 31 will r turn the swinging dog to its originalposition.

The magazine is filled by passing the cartridges thereinto beneath thecarrier while the carrier is in closed position.

The under side of the carrier is recessed or cut away as shown in Figs.4 and 6 and a movable concave guide plate 33 is pivotally secured to thebottom of the carrier by means of a perforated ear 34 engaged by atransverse bolt 35. The guide plate 33 is provided with a rearwardextending blade or arm 36, which underlies the sear 25 and sear spring27. The forward end of the guide plate is normally pressed downward by aspring 37 interposed between the guide plate and the under side of thecarrier.

The under side of the hammer head 18 is provided with a projection 38adapted to engage the rearward blade 36 of the guide plate 33 as thehammer is forced rearward by the action bar and by forcing the rearwardblade or arm 36 downward the forward end of the guide plate is elevatedagainst the tension of the spring 37. The inclined path of travel of theprojection 38, due to the inclination of the guides or ways 17 of thehammer head 18 causes the projection 38 to release the blade 36 when thehammerhead is propelled forward under the influence of the spring 22 asshown in Fig. 4, thereby permitting the spring 37 to depress the forwardportion of the guide plate 33. The sear and sear spring and 27 areslotted as at- 39 through which the projection 38 of the hammer headextends into engagement with the blade 36 of the guide plate, (see Fig.1.1). As a modification of this construction, the hammer head might beprovided with two projections 40 corresponding to the projection 38, asshown in Fig. 14, in which case the sear and sear spring would bereduced in width, with the projections 40 extending on opposite sides ofthe sear and spring as shown in Fig. 10.

A safety stop for the action bar is provided which secures the gunagainst opening after it has been once closed until the hammer hasfallen, thus preventing juggling whereby two cartridges might bereleased from the magazine and become jammed in the carrier atthe sametime. It also prevents premature opening of the arm before the cartridgehas exploded, by an untimely rearward draft upon the operating grip orhandle. This safety stop comprises a projecting shoulder ll on the guideplate which when the plate is in its elevated position extends into thecam groove 15 of the carrier and into the path of the action bar lug, asshown particularly in Fig.

and also in Figs. 5, 7 and 8. The rearward movement of the hammer head18, through the engagement of the projection 38 with the blade 36 of theguide plate 33, causes the oscillation of the guide plate and theelevation of the stop ll into the path of the action bar lug. The actionbar lug being engaged within the cam slot at the time of the elevationof the stop all, will engage the inclined rearward face of the stop uponthe outward movement of the action bar and by depressing the stopagainstthe tension of the flexible spring blade -36 of the guide plate33, will pass out of the cam groove atthe forward limit of its stroke.However any attempt to return the action bar by a rearward pull prior tothe falling of the hammer will be resisted by the engagement of theaction bar lug with the stop shoulder 41. It will be seen that by thisconstruction the hammer by its rearward movement to setor cockedposition positively moves the SLOP 41 into the path of the action bar.and holds it in such operative position as long as the hammer in cockedposition.

llpon the falling of the hammer the projection 3 of the hammer headmoving forwardly and upwardly away from the blade 36, frees the guideplate or which the stop 4:1 is carried, and permits the soring todepress the stopout of the path of the action bar, providing theoperator is not exerting a rearward pull upon the operating grip andaction bar sutlicient to overcome the tension of the spring 37 andprevent the disengagement of the lug 1i and the stop ll. If the operatoris pulling strongly upon the grip the engagement of tie action bar lugll and the stop a1 will not be broken until such rearward draft hasceased, when the spring 3? will depress the guide plat-e and stop 41,after which the action bar may be moved rearward to open the breech,lower the carrier and. reset the ham-- mer before described. Furthermorethe said construction will not retard the hammer or atlord anyresistance to the in ovement thereof, the force of the falling hammer isnot utilized in any manner to opcrate the stop, as has been the practicehere-V A further advantage of the con tofore. struction is that theseveral parts are located on the bottom of the carrier in posltions tobe easily seen and easily accessible,

through the bottom of the housing. Further if any part. should breakitcould not block the mechanism to prevent the opening of the gun. Thestop member being mounted on the concave shell guide affords additionalstrength to resist excessive rearward strains, and at the same timereduces the number of parts and permits the carrier to be recessed orcut away beneath the guide plate thereby reducing the-welght of thecarrier. As it may sometimes be des1rable to admit the lug of the actionbar to 1 the cam groove 15 while the hammer head is engaged by the sear,means is provided for miinu all y withdrawing the stop shoulder 41 fromthe path of the action bar lug atwill.

Projecting downward from the rearward blade 36 of the guide plate 33 isa finger grip as located substantially midlength the said blade. If aslight pull be exerted upon the finger grip 4 2 while the rear eX-f beaccom Jlishcd bv aressin u award u on the blade 36 at a pointsubstantiallymidlength, and the finger grip omitted.

To prevent the accidental falling of the hammer in case the sear failsto engage the hammer, which might resultin lockingthe action bar lug inthe recess of the cam slot or to prevent the falling of the hammerthrough the accidental disengagement of the sear and hammer head beforethe parts have been returned to normal, there is pro vided a safety stoplever 43 pivoted 1n the arrier, the rear end of which is spring pressedinto the path of the hammer head slightly in advance of the point ofengagement of the hammer head and sear. The forward end of the stoplever is provided with a head ll projecting beyond the plane of thecarrier. The inner or rear end. of

the stop lever standing in the path of the hammer head at all times whenthe carrier is moved away from closed position engages and arrests thehammer head if itfails to engage with or is disengaged from the sear.(See Fig. 9.) its closed position, the head 4A of the stop As thecarrier is moved to lever 48 engages a cam surface 45 in the inner sideof the housing, (see Fig. 15) by which the said head-is depressedagainst the tension of the spring 16, thereby withdrawing the rear endof the stop lever from the path of the hammer head. The cam surface %5is so located in the path of the carrier that the safety lever head willengage the cam surface to withdraw the stop and release the hammerbefore the carrier has been moved to the limit of its stroke, but afterthe action bar lug has passed from the cam groove recess to the forwardport-ion of the cam groove 15. If the sear has failed to engage thehammer head and the hammer is being held solely by the safety lever thewithdrawal of the stop lever will permit the hammer to fall and theplunger 20 to advance under the action of the spring 22 before thecarrier has reached the point in its movement where the plunger head 21will engage the firing pin 8 to explode the cartridge, therefore thefalling of the hammer upon the withdrawal of the safety lever cannotcause a premature discharge, and at the time of the release of thehammer the action bar lug will have passed from the recess 28 andthrough the cam groove 15 in advance of the hammer and will be inposition to return the hammer to engagement with the sear by therearward movement of the action bar.

hen the carrier has been moved to the limit of its path of travel, thehead it of the safety lever 43 will enter a depression 17 in the side ofthe housing, the movement being due to the spring 46. However suchmovement into the depression will not be sutlicicnt to return the rearend of the lever into the path of the hammer head, but the hammer willbe left free to fall upon the disengagement of the sear. The engagementof the head 44: in the depression at? is not suflicient to positivelylock the carrier, but only sutlicient to maintain the carrier in itsclosed position when the barrel and action bar have been disconnectedfrom the housing.

To control the escape of cartridges from the magazine, two detents, aprimary detent -18 mounted on the inner wall of the housing, and asecondary detent 4:9 located on the under side of the carrier areprovided, both the detents being spring pressed into the path of thecartridges. The primary detent extends somewhat in advance of thesecondary detent and is adapted to first engage the cartridge, whichwhen released by the primary detent is engaged by the secondary detent.The primary detent 48 is provided with a cam shaped head 50 adapted tobe engaged by a corresponding cam surface 51 on the carrier and therebymoved out of the path of the cartridge when the carrier is in its closedposition. As the carrier is moved from closed position the cam surfaces50 and 51 of the primary detent are disengaged and the said detent isspring pressed into the path of the cartridges but in advance or forwardof the rim of the first cartridge in the 1naga zine. The first cartridgein the magazine is held by the secondary detent 49 until the carrier isdepressed below the plane of the magazine, when the cartridge will pass,under the influence of the magazine spring, from the magazine onto thecarrier in position to be elevated to the level of the barrel by thereturn movement of the carrier. As the first cartridge passes from themagazine, the next succeeding cartridge will be engaged and its rearwardmovement arrested by the primary detent 48, until the carrier isreturned to closed position when the cam face 51 of the carrier willagain engage the cam head 50 of the detent and move said detent from thepath of the cartridge permitting the cartridge to move an additionalstep rearward into engagement with the secondary detent 49. Thesecondary detent moves with the carrier, but is depressible or movableindependent of the carrier against the tension of its spring blade 52,by manual efiort, for the purpose of filling or emptying the magazine.By pressing the head of the detent upward or toward the carrier, thecartridges may be inserted in or removed from the magazine.

In addition to the several safety features before mentioned there isprovided a safety lock for the trigger shown in Figs. 3 and 1. This lockcomprises a reciprocating plunger 53 mounted in the trigger guard, andinclined forward and upward from the rear thereof, in such position asto be conveniently engaged and moved by the knuckle of the second fingerof the operator when grasping the gun in the usual position for use, asshown in Fig. 2. The upper surface of the trigger is provided with theprojection 54 adapted to enter a recess or notch 55 in the plunger 13when the locking plunger is in unlock position, as shown in Fig. at.However when the plunger is shifted longitudinally to lock position asin Fig. 3, the recess or notch 55 will be moved out of registry with theprojection 54 and said projection will engage the side of the plungerand thereby lock the trigger against movement. The plunger is alsoprovided with two notches 56 corresponding to the different positions ofadjustment of the plunger, the said notches being engaged by a springfinger 57 to maintain the plunger in its adjusted position.

The movement of the plunger is limited by a transverse pin 58 engagingin a recess 59 in the side of the plunger.

In the drawings the safety lock plunger is shown as in unlock positionwhen at the inner limit of its stroke, and in lock posiiso tion when inits rearward position of adjustment. This is found to be the mostconvenient arrangement, and a slight movementof the finger of the operator while the gun is being held in the usual position is sufficient toshift the plunger and unlock the trigger, (see Fig. However it isobvious that by locating the recess of the plunger differently inrelation to the projection o l of the trigger, or locating theprojection differently in relation to the recess the operation of thesafety may be reversed, and the unlock position be the outermostposition of adjustment, while the inward movement of the plunger willlock the trigger.

It may sometimes happen that in excitement of rapid fire shooting theoperator may hold the trigger in its operated position while he ispulling rearward on the grip or handle 9. If the action bar lug It isallowed to enter the cam groove 15 during such time the hammer would beforced rearward but the sear would not be in position to engage and holdthe hammer in its set or cocked position. The failure of the hammer toengage with the sear under such circumstances would result in the hammerfalling upon the disengagementof the safety lever -13 there from duringthe movement of the carrier to its closed position. This would result ina misfire. To prevent such occurrence the stop &1 is maintained in thepath of the action bar lug 1% until the operator releases the triggerand allows the sear to return to normal position. This will be clearfrom Fig. 22 in which the solid lines representthe operated positions ofthe sear and trigger while the normal positions thereof, are indicatedby dotted lines.

In its operated position the forward portion of sear 25 not only flexesthe sear spring 27 but it also bears downward on the rear end of theblade 36 of the guide plate 33. This downward pressure on the blade 36maintains the forward end of the guide plate 33 and stop e1 in theiruppermost positions with the stop 41 projecting into the cam groove 15and in the path of the action bar lug lat. By referring to Fig. 22 itwill be readily seen that this position of the parts is maintained afterthe hammer has fallen as shown in said figure until the trigger isreleased and the sear returns to normal position which relieves thepressure on the rear end of the blade 36 and permits the forward end ofthe plate 33 and stop tl to fall under the action of the spring 37.

In Fig. 23 is shown a modification in which the guide plate 33 isdispensed with, the bottom of the carrier being formed concave as at 59.Pivoted at to the side of the carrier 7 is a stop lever 61 havingthereon the shoulder 62 projecting into the path of the action bar luglat and corresponding to the stop &1 before mentioned. At its rearextremity the stop lever 61 is offset and terminates in a plate portion63 underlying the sear and sear spring 25 and 27 and corresponding tothe blade 30 of the guide plate 33.

tion 38 by the hammer 18 or to be depressed by the sear 25 as herebefore described.

Heretofore much difliculty has been experienced in forming thesemicircular recess 64: at the rear of the housing which becomes theabutment of the carrier and is engaged by the concentric rear portion 65of the carrier. In as much as the housing as usually constructed hasonly a small opening in each side for the reception of the transversestud or journal pin, special tools for machining the semicircular recess6%, which could be introduced tlirough the bottom of the housing havebeen necessary. Such tools have been quite expensive and the operation adifficult one. Such difficulty has been overcome in the present instanceby boring the semicircular groove, making an opening in one side of thehousing the radius of which is equal to or greater than the radius ofsaid groove, said opening being concentric with the groove 6% as shownin Fig. 18. By said construction the groove 64: may be conveniently andcheaply machined. The journal pin 66 carries a head 67 which conforms tothe circular opening in the side of the housing, thereby closing theopening in the housing side and affording greater bearing surface forthe journal pm.

of which intersects the head of the journal pin and not only holds it inplace but prevents the rotation thereof.

In order to more securely interlock the The plate portion 63 of the stoplever (31 is adapted to be engaged by the projec- .100 The journal pinis held in place and against rotation by a lock screw 68 the head breechblock and the swinging carrier in their closed positions, the breechblock is provided with an aperture 69 as shown in Fig. 20 opening on theunder side of the breech block. The swinging carrier is provided with anupward extending projection 70 protruding beyond the top of the carrierFrom the above description it will be apparent that there is thusproduced a fire arm or the character described. possessing theparticular features of advantage before enu-' merated as desirable, butwhich obviously is susceptible of modification, in its form,proportions, detailed construction and arrangement of parts withoutdeparting from the principle involved or sacrificing any of itsadvantages.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a reciprocating breech blockafiring pin in said block, a swinging carrier, a lock action located insaid carrier comprising a reciprocating spring actuated plunger broughtinto alinement with the firing pin when the carrier is in closedposition, a sear adapted to hold the plunger in retracted position, anda spring adapted to advance the plunger when released by the sear.

2. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a reciprocating breech block afiring pin in said block, a swinging carrier, a reciprocating plunger insaid carrier, a spring tending to advance the plunger, means for holdingthe plunger in its retracted position and means to release the plunger,said plunger being movable into and out of alinement with the firing pinby the swinging movement of the carrier.

3. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a reciprocating breech block, afiring pin in said block a swinging carrier, having a longitudinal boretherein a plunger reciprocating in said here, a helical spring adaptedto advance the plunger into engagement with the firing pin when thecarrier is in closed position, a head on said plunger, a sear adapted toengage the head and hold the plunger in retracted posit-ion, and meansto disengage the sear.

4. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable into and out of thepath of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, means whereby thehammer will automatically move the stop into the path of the action barupon the re traction of the hammer and means independent of the hammerfor automatically withdrawing the stop fro-m the path of the action barupon the falling of the hammer.

5. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable intoand out of thepath of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, a control memberextending into the path of the hammer and engaged thereby to move thestop into the path of the action bar when the hammer is in its set orcooked position, and a spring adapted to remove the stop from the pathof the action bar upon the falling of the hammer.

6. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer. a reciproeating action bar, a stop movable into and out of thepath of the action bar to limi the movement ther of, a pivoted lever onwhich the stop is carried adapted to be oscillated by the hammer as thehammer moves to its retracted position, thereby moving the stop into thepath of the action bar,

said stop being adapted to be moved from the path of the action bar whensaid pivoted lever has been released by the advance movement of thehammer.

7. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a reciprocating action bar, a concave plate adjustably supportedon the bottom of the carrier forming a. cartridge guide to the magazinechamber, a stop carried on said plate and adapted to be moved into andout of the path of the action bar, by the movement of the plate, meansto move said plate by the movement of the hammer.

8. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable into and out of thepath of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, a cartridge guidelocated'on the under side of the carrier, means whereby the movement ofthe hammer to cocked position will oscillate the guide to move the stopinto the path of the action bar.

9. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a firing mechanism including ahammer, means for resetting the hammer, a sear adapted to engage thehammer to maintain it in its retracted position, means for compelling anadditional retraction movement of the hammer beyond the point ofengagement with the sear, to insure the engagement of the seartherewith, substantially as specified.

10. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stop movable into and out of thepath of the action bar, to limit the movement thereof, a movablesupporton which the said stop is carried projecting into the path of thehammer as it moves to cocked position and adapted to be engaged therebyand operated to move the stop into the path of the action bar.

11. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including atrigger, a reciprocating action bar, stop movable into and out of thepath of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, means to move saidstop out of the path of the action bar at a predetermined point in thesequence of operations and means for maintaining the stop in the path ofthe action bar while the trigger is in operated position whereby saidaction bar will not be released prior to the release of the trigger,substantially as specified.

12. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a recipro eating action bar, a stock movable into and cut of thepath of the action bar to limit the movement thereof, a spring normallytending to move said stop out of the path of the action bar and meanswhereby the hammer will move the step into the path of the action baragainst the tension of said spring.

13. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a swinging carrier in which the hammer is mount ed, areciprocating action bar, a stop lever pivotally supported upon thecarrier, the hammer being adapted to engage the rear arm' of the stoplever as the hammer is moved to cocked position and thereby oscillatesaid lever to elevate the forward end of the stop lever into the path ofthe action bar, substantially as specified.

It. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a reciprocatingaction bar, a stop adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, amovable support on which the stop is carried, a portion of which iscapable of being flexed, the stop being adapted to be manually withdrawnfrom the path of the action bar by the flexing of the flexible portionof the support.

15. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer, a recipro eating action bar, a stop adapted to limit themovement of the action bar, a pivoted support on which the stop iscarried and by the oscillation of which it is movable in to and out ofthe path of the action bar, one arm of said pivoted support projectinginto the path of the hammer and adapted to be oscillated thereby as thehammer approaches its cocked position to move the stop into the path ofthe action bar, one of the arms of the pivoted support being flexiblewhereby the stop may be withdrawn from the path of the action bar by theflexing of said arm independent of the falling of the hammer.

16. In a tire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a reciprocatingaction bar, a

stop adapted to limit the movement of the action bar, means controlledby the trigger adapted to maintain the stop in the path of the actionbar while the trigger is maintained in operated position.

17. In a tire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including ahammer and a sear adapted to engage the hammer, a reciprocating actionbar, a support for said stop extending into the path of said searwhereby the sear when in operated position will maintain the stop in thepath of the action bar.

18. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a hammer and asear adapted to engage the hammer, a reciprocating action bar, a stopadapted to limit the movement of the action bar, and means whereby thesear when in operated position will maintain the stop in the path of theaction bar.

19. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including atrigger, a reciprocating action bar, a pivoted lever one arm of whichmay be projected into the path of the action bar and thereby adapted tolimit the movement of the action bar, the other arm of which projectsinto the path of the trigger by which it is capable of being oscillatedwhereby the trigger while in operated position will maintain the stoparm inthe path of the action bar.

20. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swingingcarrier, a cam groove therein, a reciprocating action bar engaged insaid cam groove to oscillate the swinging carrier, a hammer mounted inthe carrier having a portion thereof projecting into the path of theaction bar, and adapted to be engaged thereby, an extension of said camgroove through which the action bar is compelled to travel before beingdisengaged from the hammer, whereby the hammer will be given anadditional movement beyond its normal cooked position.

21. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swingingcarrier, a reciprocating action bar, a reciprocating hammer mounted inthe carrier adapted to be engaged and retracted by the rearward movementof the action bar.

In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier,a reciprocating action bar, a reciprocating hammer mounted in thecarrier moving in a path angular to that of the action bar, a portion ofthe hammer projecting into the path of the action bar when in itsadvanced position but moved therefrom by its retrograde movement.

23. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swingingcarrier a cam groove in said carrier, a reciprocating action barengaging the cam groove, a movable member forming an extension of thecam groove compelling a predetermined movement of the action bar whenmoving in one direction, but yielding to permit the passage of theaction bar on its movement in the opposite direction.

In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swinging carrier acam groove in said carrier, a reciprocating action bar engaging the camgroove, a movable section in the wall of said cam groove maintaining theaction bar in a predetermined path of travel when moving in onedirection, but permitting the return of the action bar through adifferent path of travel.

25. In a fire arm, a stock, a'barrel, firing mechanism, a swingingcarrier, a cam groove in said carrier terminating in a recess, a movablemember adapted when in one position to form. a continuation of the wallof the cam groove,-and when moved to opposite position to form acontinuation of the wall of the recess. 7

26. In a fire arm, \a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swingingcarrier, a cam groove in said carrier terminating in arecess, a

movable member adapted when in one posishifted to register with thewall, of said recess, and a spring against the tension of which themember is moved.

:27. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism, a swingingcarrier, a cam groove in said carrier terminating in a re cess, amovable member adapted when in one position to register with the camgroove and form a continuation thereof, and when shifted to registerwith the wall of said recess, a rock shaft upon which said member iscarried, a portion of said shaft being flattened, and a spring'bearingon the fiattened portion of the shaft tending to return the shaft andmovable member to predetermined position when moved therefrom.

28. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, aswinging carrier, firingmechanism including a hammer mounted in the swinging carrier, a searadapted to hold-the hammer in retracted position, a safety stop alsomounted in the swinging carrier projecting into the path of the hammerwhen the carrier is moved from closed position and adapted to arrest themovement of the hammer if disengaged from the sear prior to the returnof the carrier to closed position and means to automatically withdrawthe stop from the path of the hammer as the carrier approaches closedposition.

29. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a swinging carrier, a hammermounted in the swinging carrier, a stop member movable into and out ofthe path of the hammer adapted to arrest the movement thereof whendisengaged from the sear, a spring tending to move said stop in onedirection, a cam member tending to move said stop in the oppositedirection, said cam and stop being brought into operative engagement bythe swinging movement of the carrier,

substantially as specified.

30. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a swinging carrier, a hammer insaid carrier, a safety stop adapted to prevent the falling of the hammeralso in said carrier, said stop being spring pressed into the path ofthe hammer when the carrier is moved from closed position, and a camadapted to withdraw the stop against the tension of the spring upon themovement of the carrier to closed position.

31. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a swinging carrier, a hammer inthe carrier, a stop lever in said carrier normally tending to move intothe path of the hammer to arrest the movement thereof, a cam surface onthe frame of the arm engaged by the stop lever as the carrier approachesits closed position adapted to withdraw the stop lever from the path ofthe hammer.

32. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a

swinging carrier, 'a reciprocating hammer mounted to reciprocate in thecarrier, a detent automatically moved into and out of engaging positionupon the movement of the swinging carrier from and to closed position,said detent being adapted to arrest the reciprocation of thereciprocating hammer when the carrier is away from firing position.

33. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, firing mechanism including atrigger, a reciprocatory lock member for said trigger movable in aforward and aft direction, said lock member being movable toward thetrigger to release the trigger and away therefrom to lock the trigger,the said lock member when in looking position protruding rearward fromsaid trigger in position to be engaged by the second finger of the handof the operator when grasping the arm in the usual position of use withthe first finger engaging the trigger, the locking member being movabletoward the trigger to release same by the action of the said secondfinger, substantially as specified.

34. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a housing connecting the stock andbarrel, a swinging carrier in the housing a transverse groove in therear wall of the housing forming an abutment for the swinging carrier,the side wall of the housing having an opening therein coincident withsaid groove through which the said groove may be machined, a journaledpin for the carrier, a head carried on said journal pin forming aclosure for the opening in the side wall of the housing, and means forsecuring the journal pin in place.

35. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a housing, a movable carrier insaid housing, a reciprocating plunger in said carrier, means for holdingthe plunger in its retracted position, and means for advancing theplunger to cause the explosion of the cartridge when released from itsretracted position, substantially as specified.

36. In a fire arm, a stock, a barrel, a housing connecting the stock andbarrel, a swinging carrier in the housing a transverse groove in therear wall of the housing forming an abutment for the swinging carrier,the said groove being formed by boring a hole through the side wall ofthe housing in such position as to intersect the rear wall thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 13th day ofFebruary CHARLES A. YOUNG. Witnesses:

NELLE M. JOHNSON, ALFRED MOGRAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of latents, Washington, D. C.

